Copying a Formula in Microsoft Excel
How to Copy Formulas in Excel
To apply the same formula across multiple cells without typing it in each one, Excel offers two main methods: Copy and Paste and the Fill Handle. These methods also let you control whether the cell references are dynamic or absolute.
Using Absolute Cell Reference While Copying Formulas
By default, Excel uses dynamic cell references, meaning the formula will adjust based on where it’s pasted. If you want the formula to always reference a specific cell, you need to use absolute cell references. This is done by adding the $ (dollar) sign before the column letter and the row number.
For example:
- Dynamic Reference:
=C2+D2 - Absolute Reference:
=C2+$D$2
In this case, $D$2 ensures that the reference to D2 stays constant regardless of where the formula is copied.
Method 1: Copy and Paste to Copy a Formula
- Select the Formula Cell: Click the cell containing the formula you want to copy.
- Copy the Formula: Press Ctrl+C (Windows) or Command+C (Mac).
- Select the Destination Cell: Click the cell where you want to paste the formula.
- Paste the Formula: Press Ctrl+V (Windows) or Command+V (Mac).
Your formula will now appear in the destination cell.
Method 2: Use the Fill Handle to Copy a Formula
The Fill Handle is a faster method to copy formulas across multiple cells, especially when filling in sequences or columns.
- Select the Formula Cell: Click the cell with the formula you want to copy.
- Use the Fill Handle: Hover your cursor over the small square at the bottom-right corner of the cell.
- Drag to Fill: Click and drag the Fill Handle down (or across) to the cells where you want the formula to be copied.
When you release the mouse, Excel will automatically fill the selected cells with the formula.